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' (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

M. D. L. BABOOX.

PUMP. No-. 284,708. Patented Sept. 11, 1883.

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NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HIRAM M. D. L. BABCOX, SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.-

PUMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent .No. 284,708, dated September 11, 1883.

Application filed April 5, 1883. (No model.)

drawings, in which Figure 1 shows in vertical sectional elevation a double-acting pump provided with the improvements constituting my invention. Fig. 2 is a sectional plan view taken through the upper half of the pumpease and hollow piston. Fig. 3 is a vertical section taken through a single-acting pump, and Fig.- 4 shows the same when the plunger has completed its upward stroke.

Similar letters of reference are used to indi- 2o cate like parts throughout the several views.

A represents the pump-case, adapted for a' double-acting pump constructed in accordance wlth my invention. This pump-case is for red I or formed in two divisions, B and 0, near its lower end, and the chambers are provided with clack-valves K K, and are made perfectly true upon their inner faces, in order to form a smooth guide-bearing for the plungers D D, which reciprocate therein. These plungers also carry or form the seat for the ball-valves E E, and are attached by prongs or arms F F to the open-ended hollow pistons G G, which are formed of sheet metal, cylindrical inform, and are made perfectly air-tight, and of such a length that when the plunger is at the full length of its downward stroke the top of the air-drum will be above the discharge-spout or top of the water-containing jacket A.

It should here be observed that the plungerbarrels are perfectly circular in cross-section, and are separate; yet when the upper part of the working-barrel is reached they merge into one another, so as to leave a free open space above the point Hfor the circulation of water from one division of the water-jacket to the other.

Midway of the height of the displacer is constructed a solid air-tight diaphragm, I, to which is pivoted the pitman or pump rod J, and by this means I am enabled to obtain a free open space above the diaphragm, while the space below the diaphragm forms an aircompression chamber, into which the water may partially enter upon the downstroke of the piston, thereby compressing the air contained therein, so as to produce a reaction or expansive effect of the air to assist in elevating the hollow piston after the said downstroke has been completed, when the piston makes the upstroke by cushioning upon the water within the pump-chamber,

In the modification shown in Figs. 3 and 4 the construction and mode of operation are the same. as above described, save that the water jacket, instead of being double, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, is made single, and surrounds at equal distance the floating piston.

I am aware that the piston-rod of a pump has heretofore been made of such size that its downward stroke will displace about the same quantity of water that the piston raises in its upward stroke, so that the flow of water from the pump will be continuous, and so that the displacement of water by the enlarged pistonrod will reduce the weight of water resting on the pump-piston. Such enlarged piston-rods or plungers have also been made hollow, so as to form an air-chamber. This, however, I do not broadly claim.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s

The combination of the pump-case A, having clack-valve K, the open-ended hollow piston G, of a length sufficient to extend above, I the dischargespout when the plunger is at the full length of its downward stroke, the airtight diaphragm I, placed in said piston, the

pitman-rod J, pivoted to the diaphragm, and the plunger D, connected to the lower end of the piston by means of arms F F, said plunger being provided with a-ball-valve, E, substantially as shown and described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand and seal.

HIRAM M. n. L. BABOOX. [n s] 

